Description
Under anaerobic conditions (i.e., anaerobic or hypoxic conditions), the anaerobic microbial community, including hydrolytic bacteria, acid – producing bacteria, and methanogenic bacteria, decomposes the organic matter in the wastewater in sequence. First, hydrolytic bacteria hydrolyze macromolecular organic substances (such as polysaccharides, proteins, and fats) into small – molecule soluble organic substances, such as monosaccharides, amino acids, and fatty acids. Subsequently, acid – producing bacteria further convert these small – molecule organic substances into volatile fatty acids (VFA), alcohols, and carbon dioxide. Finally, methanogenic bacteria utilize the intermediate products generated in the previous stages to convert them into final products such as methane and carbon dioxide.
During this process, the chemical energy in the wastewater is utilized by anaerobic microorganisms and converted into biological energy and heat energy. At the same time, the removal of organic matter and the recovery of energy are achieved.
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